Job Search, Stigma Effect, and Escape Rate from Unemployment
构建求职模型，引入失业的“污名”效应，分析失业时长如何影响获得工作机会的概率，并探讨最优求职策略，发现保留工资和逃离率随失业时长递减。
This article formulates job search models, incorporating certain types of the "stigma" effect of unemployment. It is assumed that the probability of getting a job offer, given the unemployment individual contacts the firm, is influenced by the duration of unemployment and is justified in a signaling context. The optimal search is analyzed for one sector, as well as across several independent labor-market segments. It is shown that there are reasonably general conditions on the search environments, for which both the individual reservation wage and escape rate are negative-duration dependent, a fact observed in empirical studies. Copyright 1989 by University of Chicago Press.