Design Competition Through Multidimensional Auctions
研究政府采购中的设计竞争，建立价格和质量二维拍卖模型，分析三种拍卖方案下最优评分规则的设计及承诺能力对买方效用的影响。
This article studies design competition in government procurement by developing a model of two-dimensional auctions, wherefirms bid on both price and quality, and bids are evaluated by a scoring rule designed by a buyer. Three auction schemes-first score, second score, and second preferred offer-are introduced and related to actual practices. If the buyer can commit to a scoring rule in his best interest, -the resulting optimal scoring rule underrewards quality relative to the buyer's utility function and implements the optimal outcome for the buyer underfirst- and second-score auctions. Absent the commitment power, the onlyfeasible scoring rule is the buyer's utility function, under which (1) all three schemes yield the same expected utility to the buyer, and (2) first- and second-score auctions induce the first-best level of quality, which turns out to be excessive from the buyer's point of view.