Outside Offers and the Gender Pay Gap: Empirical Evidence from the UK Academic Labour Market
利用英国经济学家的独特数据，发现男性比同等条件的女性获得更多外部工作机会，并因此获得更高薪酬涨幅，这可能是性别薪酬差距的驱动因素。
Using a unique data source on academic economist labour market experiences, we explore gender, pay and promotions. In addition to earnings and productivity measures, we have information on outside offers and perceptions of discrimination. We find both a gender promotions gap and a within-rank gender pay gap. A driving factor may be outside offers: men receive more outside offers than women of comparable characteristics, and gain higher pay increases in response. This may arise due to discrimination. We find that perceptions of discrimination and also outside job applications correlate with an individual receiving earnings below that expected, given their characteristics.