Crisis and the Content of Managerial Communications: A Study of the Focus of Attention of Top Managers in Surviving and Failing Firms
研究了危机中存活与失败企业的高层管理者在沟通中注意力的差异，发现存活企业管理者更关注外部环境和长期战略，而失败企业管理者则更关注内部运营和短期问题。
Richard A. D'Aveni, Ian C. MacMillan, Crisis and the Content of Managerial Communications: A Study of the Focus of Attention of Top Managers in Surviving and Failing Firms, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Dec., 1990), pp. 634-657