Patents as Surrogates for Inimitable and Non-Substitutable Resources
研究了专利引用和权利要求能否分别衡量不可模仿性和不可替代性，发现不可模仿性与企业盈利和新产品推出显著相关，不可替代性仅与新产品推出相关。
This study tests the view that competitive advantage lies in organizational processes and capabilities to secure patents. Since, by definition, patents are valuable and rare, here we test the extent to which patent citations and claims capture, respectively, inimitability and non-substitutability. Focusing on 85 publicly traded pharmaceutical firms (SIC 2834), we find that once the effects of firm size, past performance, and investment in innovation are held constant, inimitability is significantly related to firm profitability and new product introductions. Non-substitutability is significantly related to new product introductions only.