Induced Innovation and Social Inequality
构建了一个适用于医学研究的诱导创新模型，预测初始死亡率与研究投入正相关、研究投入加速死亡率下降，以及诱导创新会扩大少数群体与多数群体间的死亡率差距，并用1983-1998年美国婴儿死亡数据验证了这三个预测。
We develop a model of induced innovation that applies to medical research. Our model yields three empirical predictions. First, initial death rates and subsequent research effort should be positively correlated. Second, research effort should be associated with more rapid mortality declines. Third, as a byproduct of targeting the most common conditions in the population as a whole, induced innovation leads to growth in mortality disparities between minority and majority groups. Using information on infant deaths in the U.S. between 1983 and 1998, we find support for all three empirical predictions.