Stabilization and welfare with trade, variable levies and internal price policies*
分析了不同国内价格和贸易政策对农产品消费、生产和价格的影响，评估了政策在价格稳定、供给稳定、农业收入及整体福利方面的效果，发现贸易和可变关税是稳定国内市场的有效手段，但需警惕副作用。
This paper analyzes the effects of different internal price and trade policies on the consumption, production and prices of agricultural primary products. Government policies are evaluated in the light of their effect on price stability, on the stability of supply flows, on income in the farm sector and on the overall welfare and distribution of national income. The study analyzes both individual and combined policies on the basis of these performance criteria and shows that trade and the use of variable levies to stabilize the domestic market through trade are indeed very powerful and efficient ways of achieving the goals of agricultural policies. At the same time, however, these policies may have undesirable side effects to which the policy maker should be alert.