Spillback Effects of Expansion When Product-Types and Firm-Types Differ
研究了企业扩张后绩效改善的条件，发现新老产品是否替代以及企业是通才还是专才，会影响扩张效果，对理解企业成功进行重大变革有启示。
Contrary to perspectives that credit firms with only limited abilities to undertake significant change successfully, recent research has demonstrated that firms often improve their performance after undertaking major expansion to their operations. In this paper, we build on a study by Mitchell and Singh (1993) to test for differences in expansion effects, depending on whether the new goods substitute for old products and whether the firm is a generalist or specialist participant in the industry. The analysis helps us understand when a business can undertake major change successfully. The results have implications for ecological and other definitions of the core of a business and highlight the necessity for firms to undertake changes even at considerable risk to their existing operations.