The role of trade in the new NICs
质疑早期将新兴工业化经济体成功归因于开放性的观点，探讨贸易与工业化对亚洲四小龙发展的贡献，并分析外部因素如何成为发展的决定因素或约束条件。
The emphasis of early analyses of the NICs was on their openness as the explanation for their success. A country's policy towards external variables was seen as a necessary and perhaps sufficient condition for development. This leads to two questions: (1) what was the contribution of trade and of industrialisation to the development of the four Asian NICs; (2) what are the ways in which the external sector should now be seen as a determinant of, or constraint on, successful development? This means looking at the interaction between domestic strategies and external variables. In this context, it is no longer possible to have confidence that policy imposed from the outside would have the same effect as one adopted by a national initiative.