Survey Response‐Related Biases in Contingent Valuation: Concepts, Remedies, and Empirical Application to Valuing Aquatic Plant Management
讨论并检验了条件估值调查中可能出现的样本无应答和选择偏差，演示了修正方法，并指出若不修正这些偏差，福利测度可能被高估或低估，从而影响资源政策与管理决策。
Abstract Sample nonresponse and selection biases that may occur in survey research such as contingent valuation applications are discussed and tested. Correction mechanisms for these types of biases are demonstrated. Results indicate the importance of testing and correcting for unit and item nonresponse bias in contingent valuation survey data. When sample nonresponse and selection bias go uncorrected, welfare measures may be overestimated or underestimated contributing to potential errors in resource policy and management decisions.