Organizational Politics: An Exploration of Managers' Perceptions
研究了30家组织中管理者对不同情境、职能领域和层级政治活动的感知，发现政治与权力、不确定性及问题对组织和个人的重要性相关。
Managers' perceptions of political activity associated with different situations, functional areas, and hierarchical levels were studied in 30 organizations. Politics was perceived to be related to power, uncertainty, and importance of the issue to the organization and to the individual. Perceived negative andpositive instrumentalities of politics werefoundfor individuals and organizations.