Unequal wealth accumulation and income inequality in a unimodal agriculture: Sudan's Radad irrigation scheme
研究了苏丹拉哈德灌溉计划中佃农的收入、储蓄和财富积累模式，发现资本获取不平等显著影响家庭收入分配和积累能力，贫富差距在一年内扩大28%，并提出了减少相对贫困的政策建议。
Abstract Patterns of income, savings, and wealth accumulation of tenant farmers in the Rahad irrigation scheme of Sudan were examined. Although land and irrigation water are publicly owned and equally distributed in these schemes, unequal access to capital was found to influence strongly the distribution of family income and the saving and accumulation capacities of the tenant farmers. Analysis using Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients revealed a high positive correlation between wealth and family income. The average wealth gap between poor and rich households increased by 28 per cent over the year of the study. To reduce relative poverty, improved credit and marketing systems plus more research and extension support to enhance productivity and create higher on‐farm incomes for the poorer tenants are needed. In addition, macro and sector policies that subsidise labour‐saving technologies and lower incentives for export and domestic crop production need to be reformed to promote greater employment and higher off‐farm earnings for the poorer households. Notes Internatinal Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico. Department of Economics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. Department of Rural Economy, University of Khartoum, Sudan.