Knowledge spillovers, black holes and the equilibrium location of vertically linked industries
扩展了Venables模型，分析知识溢出对两个垂直关联产业区位的影响，发现低运输成本下溢出导致类似黑洞的集聚动态，且模拟结果与产业集聚的实证发现一致。
Using a generalized version of the Venables (1996, International Economic Review, 37: 341–359) model, this article explores the relative locations of two vertically linked sectors with knowledge spillovers. Analytical investigation shows that the dynamic properties of the Venables model are significantly affected by the presence of spillovers. In particular, the own-cost reduction effects at low transport costs can be so strong that runaway agglomeration dynamics appear in a manner consistent with the black hole concept found in the literature. However, due to the decay of information over space, these black hole dynamics are endogenous to the model and disappear when transport costs are high enough. Importantly, the location predictions obtained in simulations of the model are consistent with the empirical finding that industrials sector that benefit from spillovers are typically more agglomerated than sector that do not benefit from such spillovers.