Symposium on Organizations and Economics
现代经济中的大部分生产发生在组织内部，且价格调节有限。大型组织如通用汽车、IBM的规模超过许多国家经济体，许多组织不以利润最大化为目标。经济学家需理解组织内部运作以真正了解资源分配。
ost production in modern economies occurs within organizations, and this production is regulated only to a limited extent by prices. The size of some of the largest organizations, like General Motors or IBM or AT&T, exceeds that of many national economies. Moreover, many of the organizations which play an important role in resource allocation, including governmental organizations, are not profit-maximizers. These observations make it clear that if economists wish to understand how resources in modern economies are allocated, we must understand what goes on inside organizations. Even if the Arrow-Debreu model accurately depicted how market economies behave-that is, the relations between and among households and firms-it would provide insight into only a fraction of all economic activity. Herbert Simon makes this point powerfully in his contribution to this symposium.