Tightening up Loose Coupling in Organizations of Higher Education
质疑松散耦合和垃圾桶模型在高等教育中的适用性，指出其实际管理后果和研究缺陷，并提出政治人类学模型作为替代，认为其他组织和管理模型对大学管理和研究更有效。
? 1982 by Cornell University. 0001 -839218212704-06531$00.75 Organizational researchers and practicing administrators in institutions of higher education during the last several years have accepted loose-coupling and garbage can models as accurate descriptions of universities and colleges. In this article, I examine the basic assumptions of these models and point to some of the practical outcomes of administrating universities according to these models and to some of the pitfalls of using the models as research paradigms. Further, I propose a model from political anthropology that accounts equally well for some of the same data. Finally, I suggest that the application of other organizational and administrative models would be more productive in both administering universities and in researching their organizational processes.