The agrarian barrier to industrial growth
论证转型经济中工业增长更取决于农业的生产率与人口增长对国内工业品市场的影响，而非农业剩余规模，并通过日本和印度的历史数据比较及欧洲、日本、印度的农业体系类型学分析加以说明。
It is argued here that in transitional economies industrial growth depends not so much on the size of the agricultural surplus but rather on the rates of productivity growth and population growth in agriculture via their effects on the size of the home market for manufactures. In developing this argument estimates of the agricultural surplus and inter‐sectoral market shares in post‐restoration Japan and post‐independence India are compared. A typology of agrarian systems is then suggested based on how alternative systems influence productivity and population trends in agriculture. The typology is illustrated with historical comparisons from Europe, Japan and India.