The Persistence of Early Childhood Maturity: International Evidence of Long-Run Age Effects
利用OECD国家数据，发现因入学截止日期导致的年龄差异（最大相差20%）对学生成绩有长期影响：同年级中最年轻的学生在四年级和八年级的成绩分别比最年长的低4-12和2-9个百分点，且上大学概率更低。
A continuum of ages exists at school entry due to the use of a single school cutoff date—making the "oldest" children approximately 20 percent older than the "youngest" children. We provide substantial evidence that these initial maturity differences have long-lasting effects on student performance across OECD countries. In particular, the youngest members of each cohort score 4–12 percentiles lower than the oldest members in grade four and 2–9 percentiles lower in grade eight. In fact, data from Canada and the United States show that the youngest members of each cohort are even less likely to attend university.