Generalized Q Models for Investment
扩展了投资的Q理论，引入劳动力调整成本和垄断竞争假设，发现标准Q模型是更一般模型的特殊情况，美国制造业数据支持偏离完全竞争和劳动力调整成本的存在。
The authors extend the Q theory of investment to allow for adjustment costs for labor, under the additional assumption that the firm is a monopolistic competitor in the output market. The issue of nonconstant returns to scale is also discussed. The authors show that the standard Q model is a special case of a more general model involving testable parameter restrictions. Estimates for the U.S. manufacturing sector suggest that the departure from the assumption of perfect competition and lack of adjustment costs for labor receive empirical support in the data. Copyright 1991 by MIT Press.