Feasibility Theory: A Resource-Munificence Model of Work Motivation and Behavior
提出任务可行性与动机之间的曲线关系,资源稀缺时正相关、丰裕时负相关,解释资源如何通过满足不同层次需求影响工作动机与行为。
A model is proposed that presents a curvilinear relationship between the feasibility of a task and motivation to perform it, to account for theory, research, and anecdotal evidence consistent with both a positive and negative relationship between the two variables. Feasibility is defined as resources available to perform the task, which are positively related to motivation when scarce and negatively related to motivation when abundant. This is because resource scarcity potentiates lower-order needs satisfied by resources, whereas resource abundance permits the indulgence of higher-order needs, including arousal, achievement, power, and affiliation, the satisfaction of which is maximized by task difficulty, which in turn is reduced by resources. Discussion focuses on perceptual determinants, motivational consequences, and behavioral outcomes of resource munificence, and implications for theory, research, and practice.