Can Labor Regulation Hinder Economic Performance? Evidence from India
研究印度各邦1958-1992年间劳资关系氛围对制造业增长的影响，发现偏向工人的劳动法修订降低了正规制造业的产出、就业和生产率，但增加了非正规制造业产出，并加剧了城市贫困。
This paper investigates whether the industrial relations climate in Indian states has affected the pattern of manufacturing growth in the period 1958–1992. We show that states which amended the Industrial Disputes Act in a pro-worker direction experienced lowered output, employment, investment, and productivity in registered or formal manufacturing. In contrast, output in unregistered or informal manufacturing increased. Regulating in a pro-worker direction was also associated with increases in urban poverty. This suggests that attempts to redress the balance of power between capital and labor can end up hurting the poor.