DISENTANGLING AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES: AGENTS, SOURCES, AND SPATIAL DEPENDENCE*
从三个维度拓展集聚经济研究：区分集聚的宜居性与生产率效应，将总体规模效应分解为政策相关的集聚因素，并估计自身效应与对邻近地区的溢出效应。基于俄亥俄州县级数据，采用空间联立方程模型，分析人口规模、集聚成因及公共服务质量与成本对工人、消费者、贸易品与住房生产者三类主体的影响。
ABSTRACT This paper expands the literature on agglomeration economies in three ways. It disentangles amenity and productivity effects of agglomeration; it decomposes aggregate scale effects into agglomeration factors of interest to policy makers; and it estimates own effects and spillovers to neighbors. It proposes a spatial simultaneous equations model in a spatial equilibrium framework with three agents—workers, consumers, and producers of traded-goods and housing. Results for Ohio counties estimate economies resulting from population size, agglomeration causes, and public service quality and cost on each of the three agents in own and neighboring counties.