Wintel: Cooperation and Conflict
研究英特尔与微软这对互补品生产商之间的竞争互动，揭示在定价、新品发布时间和不同产品世代的价值分配上存在的自然冲突，挑战了互补品激励一致的传统观点。
We study competitive interactions between Intel and Microsoft, two producers of complementary products. In a system of complements, like the PC, the value of the final product depends on how well the different components work together. This, in turn, depends on the firms’ investment in complementary R&D. We ask whether Intel and Microsoft will want to cooperate and make the final product as valuable as possible. Contrary to the popular view that two tight complements will generally have well aligned incentives, we demonstrate that natural conflicts emerge over pricing, the timing of new product releases, and who captures the greatest value at different phases of product generations.