Islamic Economics and the Islamic Subeconomy
探讨了伊斯兰经济学的实践，包括无息银行和政府再分配系统，并指出这些机构虽未改变穆斯林的经济生活，但与其他企业共同形成了活跃的伊斯兰亚经济，其扩张源于促进人际信任和缓解负罪感。
Although Islamic economics was developed to serve cultural and political ends, efforts have been made to put its ideals into practice. There now exist Islamic banks, which claim to offer an interest-free alternative to conventional banking, and government-run Islamic redistribution systems, which were established to reduce inequalities. These institutions have not revolutionized the economic lives of Muslims. Yet, along with a wide variety of enterprises that have emerged outside the purview of Islamic economics, they have formed vibrant Islamic subeconomies in numerous metropolises. These subeconomies are expanding because they foster interpersonal trust and offer opportunities for guilt relief.