Good Regulatory Regimes
用数值方法分析成本加成和价格上限等线性监管规则，发现考虑实际成本的价格机制在不确定性下优于纯价格上限，尤其能提高消费者剩余。
Assuming simple functional forms, numerical methods are used to analyze linear regulatory rules that include cost-plus and price-cap regimes. Regulators are assumed to observe actual cost, but not the disutility of cost reduction, and are assumed unable to impose taxes or make transfers. Best linear regimes depend importantly on the level and form of uncertainty, the regulatory objective function, and the firm profitability constraint. Under uncertainty, regimes in which price depends in part on actual cost generally substantially outperform pure price caps, particularly in terms of consumers' surplus.