The Fallacy of Misplaced Leadership*
批判领导力研究过度关注个体特质和层级关系，提出应从过程视角重新理解领导力，并探讨其对管理研究的方法论启示。
abstract The leadership literature typically talks about the discrete individuality of its subject and particularly the personal qualities and capabilities of a few key people occupying top positions in a hierarchy. Current leadership research now has begun to generate new knowledge about leadership practice in relations of interpersonal exchange. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need for the ramifications of this insight to be more sufficiently developed. The current discussion explores how a perspective of process studies challenges the dominance of the field by individual social actors and discrete schemes of relations. Its aims are twofold. First, it will show how both of these latter epistemologies are lacking and suggest that current leadership research and development activities must rise to the ontological challenge of processes rather than things . Second, it looks at some methodological implications of this way of thinking as a productive incitement to future management studies.