Standardization, Compatibility, and Innovation
研究标准化带来的好处是否会导致行业被锁定在过时标准中，发现完全信息下不会，但信息不完全时可能出现过度惯性，并讨论了通过沟通克服该问题的可能性。
There are often benefits to consumers and to firms from standardization of a product. We examine whether these standardization benefits can trap an industry in an obsolete or inferior standard when there is a better alternative available. With complete information and identical preferences among firms the answer is no; but when information is incomplete this excess inertia can occur. We also discuss the extent to which the problem can be overcome by communication.