Management roles in the implementation of participative management systems
提出参与式管理的周期模型，描述组织成熟阶段及对应的管理角色（领导者、促进者、赋能者、教练），帮助人力资源管理者理解角色变化并支持转型。
Abstract Although participative management supposedly cures the ills of low morale and productivity, managers in these organizations are often frustrated with their jobs. Part of this frustration may come from not understanding their changing roles in participative work systems. In this paper I introduce a model of the cycle of participative management which outlines the stages of organization maturity and the appropriate management roles for each stage. I also discuss how the manager acts as a Leader, Facilitator, Enabler, and Coach. My purpose is to help Human Resource Managers understand how management roles will change as the organization evolves to a mature participative work system and to show how they can support this challenging transformation.