Birth Order, Schooling, and Earnings
探讨出生顺序如何影响教育和收入，发现出生顺序对教育有显著影响，对收入的影响则不够稳健。家庭内部资源分配显示，尽管父母偏好或价格更有利于后出生的孩子，但先天禀赋效应更有利于先出生的孩子，导致出生顺序差异。
"Birth-order effects are posited by many to affect earnings and schooling. We show how such effects can be interpreted to shift either the earnings possibility frontier for siblings or parental preferences. We find empirical evidence for birth-order effects on (age-adjusted) schooling and on earnings for young U.S. adults, though the latter is not robust for all specifications. The examination of intrahousehold allocations suggests that these birth-order differences occur despite parental preferences or prices by birth order favoring later borns, apparently because of stronger endowment effects that favor first borns."