Land resources in darfur region, Sudan: Prisoners’ dilemma or coase outcome?
检验了环境压力的制度模型（如公地悲剧）在苏丹达尔富尔地区的适用性，通过分析牧场退化、围栏和去库存租金，发现公地悲剧的表面证据具有误导性，土地制度等社会机构既适应资源禀赋又足够灵活。
The article tests institutional models of environmental pressure, for example, the Tragedy of the Commons, against evidence from Darfur region, Sudan. Three aspects are considered in detail: rangeland degradation, rangeland enclosure and the implicit rent gained from range destocking. A methodology to estimate the latter is presented and demonstrated using survey data. It is concluded that strong circumstantial evidence of a Tragedy of the Commons ‐famine, drought and insecurity ‐ is misleading. Social institutions such as land tenure are both adapted to the existing resource endowment and flexible enough to accommodate changes in it.