An Accurate Measurement of the Crowd-out Effect, Income Effect, and Price Effect for Charitable Contributions
针对以往慈善捐赠实证研究中概念模型差异和数据不完善的问题，精确测量了政府资助对私人捐赠的挤出效应以及捐赠的收入和价格弹性。
In the past, empirical research on charitable contributions has focused on two issues: estimating the income and price elasticities of contributions and estimating the extent to which government funding crowded out private contributions. The two fundamental problems in all these studies are the differences in the underlying conceptual models and the use of imperfect data for empirical analysis. This paper addresses both of these problems. Copyright 1989 by University of Chicago Press.