Tracing Value-Added and Double Counting in Gross Exports
提出一个核算框架，将一国总出口分解为不同来源的增加值成分和重复计算项，统一了文献中关于垂直专业化和增加值贸易的度量方法，并重新计算了显示性比较优势及多阶段生产对贸易成本的放大效应。
This paper proposes an accounting framework that breaks up a country’s gross exports into various value-added components by source and additional double-counted terms. Our parsimonious framework bridges a gap between official trade statistics (in gross value terms) and national accounts (in value-added terms), and integrates all previous measures of vertical specialization and value-added trade in the literature into a unified framework. To illustrate the potential of such a method, we present a number of applications including re-computing revealed comparative advantages and the magnifying impact of multi-stage production on trade costs.