R & D Rivalry, Industrial Policy, and U.S.-Japanese Trade
研究1970年代末日本研发支出和产业政策如何影响美日双边贸易，并分析研发中哪类支出（工艺创新、产品质量、新产品新技术或技术转让）最有效。
The authors examine how the strategic aspect of Japanese research and development expenditures and industrial policies affected U.S.-Japanese bilateral trade during the late 1970s, and investigate which component of R&D--expenditures on process innovation, product quality improvements, new products and new technology, or technology transfer--proved to be most effective. They find that while Japanese R&D expenditures have generally promoted Japan's trade advantage, certain components of R&D have proved more effective than other. The depreciation subsidy and special status with the Ministry of International Trade and Industry is positively related to the Japanese trade performance, while legal cartelization status has not had any apparent effect. Copyright 1988 by MIT Press.