Markets and Hierarchies in a Cultural Perspective
用文化分析框架重新审视市场与层级的经典争论，指出二者选择不限于内外交易，并应用于现代公司，对组织研究者有启发。
The scope given to cultural phenomena in organizational analysis has been growing but little conceptual integration has taken place. In this paper, a cultural analysis of organizational phenomena is developed using a conceptual framework that throws new light on the Markets and Hierarchies debate. In particular, it is shown that a choice between markets and hierarchies does not reduce to a choice between external and internal transactions. The framework is introduced and developed in sections one and two for the general case and is applied to the modern corporation in section three. The implications of the analysis are discussed in section four.