Inducement of Nonexistent Order by the Analytic Hierarchy Process*
研究发现，传统层次分析法及其变体（理想模式、成对聚合法）在不存在排序时也能诱导出排序，且不同方法产生不同排序，对无害变化敏感，可能严重误导决策者。
ABSTRACT An apparently unreported problem facing decision makers who use AHP is described. It is demonstrated that conventional AHP and some of its variants (the ideal mode, and the pairwise aggregated approach, PAHAP) can induce ordering even when no order exists. It is also shown that all three approaches can induce different orderings and that the orderings are sensitive to innocuous changes. Thus, even absent addition or deletion of alternatives, the decision maker relying on AHP or these variants can be seriously misled.