ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING AT THE SUBUNIT LEVEL: A MULTITRAIT‐MULTIMETHOD ANALYSIS*
基于108家欧洲制造企业400多个高层管理子单元的数据，用验证性因子分析检验环境扫描的四个特质（通过兴趣、频率和时间三种方法测量）的信度和效度，展示了该方法如何精确分解特质、方法和误差的方差。
ABSTRACT Environmental scanning activities of over 400 top management subunits in 108 European manufacturing firms provided the data base for this research. Four traits (constructs) of scanning using three methods (interest, frequency, and time) were examined. A confirmatory factor analysis approach to multitrait‐multimethod (MTMM) data was employed. Verification of the reliability as well as convergent and discriminant validity of the scanning scales are reported and discussed. The viability of confirmatory factor analysis in providing a precise analysis of partitioning variance according to trait, method, and error is demonstrated.