The Increasing Returns Revolution in Trade and Geography
回顾了三十年前将产业组织工具应用于国际贸易分析的理论革命，解释新贸易理论如何补充传统理论并连接国家间贸易与国内生产区位，最后探讨这些见解在当今更趋古典的世界经济中的相关性。
Thirty years have passed since a small group of theorists began applying concepts and tools from industrial organization to the analysis of international trade. The new models of trade that emerged from that work didn't supplant traditional trade theory so much as supplement it, creating an integrated view that made sense of aspects of world trade that had previously posed major puzzles. The "new trade theory"—an unfortunate phrase, now quite often referred to as "the old new trade theory"—also helped build a bridge between the analysis of trade between countries and the location of production within countries. In this paper I will try to retrace the steps and, perhaps even more important, the state of mind that made this intellectual transformation possible. At the end I'll also ask about the relevance of those once-revolutionary insights in a world economy that, as I'll explain, is arguably more classical now than it was when the revolution in trade theory began.