Evaluating Returns to Agricultural Research: A Review
综述并比较了评估公共农业研究投资的主要方法，包括事后研究（消费者和生产者剩余分析、生产函数分析）和事前研究（评分模型、成本收益分析、模拟模型、数学规划），帮助研究者选择合适的方法。
Abstract This paper reviews and compares the most common approaches used to evaluate public agricultural research investment. Ex post studies fall into two major groups: ( a ) consumer and producer surplus analyses, estimating average rates of return to research, and ( b ) production function analyses, estimating marginal rates of return to research. Ex ante studies fall into four groups: ( a ) those using scoring models to rank research activities, ( b ) those employing benefit‐cost analysis to establish rates of return to research, ( c ) those using simulation models, and ( d ) those using mathematical programming to select an optimal mix of research activities.