What is Happening to Middle Management?
回顾了关于中层管理者工作、职业和未来角色的悲观与乐观观点，并引用英国管理者的调查数据，强调在做出概括前需考虑变化的复杂性、组织多样性和个体反应的差异。
SUMMARY For many years middle managers’ work, career and future role have been the subject of gloomy descriptions, assertions and predictions. These are described and compared with studies, including our own, that give a more optimistic picture of what is happening to middle management. We also cite survey information about numbers, salaries and job mobility of UK managers, including middle managers. We argue that before generalizations, either optimistic or pessimistic, can justifiably be made, attention needs to be paid to the complexity of changes affecting middle managers’ jobs, to the diversity of organizations in which middle management work and the complexity of individual reactions to these changes.