Involuntary Unemplyment in Imperfectly Competitive General Equilibrium Models
综述了1984年后关于不完全竞争一般均衡模型中非自愿失业的研究，指出这种失业源于产品市场企业过度市场势力，并分析了消费者偏好、价格预期和福特效应三个关键因素。
This paper is about ‘involuntary unemployment’ in general equilibrium models with imperfect competition. It surveys papers written after the seminal work of d’Aspremont, Dos Santos Ferreira and Gérard‐Varet (1984). This unemployment is called involuntary because it exists at any wage. It results from imperfect competition in the product markets, more specifically from firms’ excessive market power. These papers have focussed their attention on the conditions required for involuntary unemployment. In our presentation, we characterise this form of unemployment through three elements: consumers’ preferences, price expectations and Ford effects. Each element is important because it influences the demand for the good and hence its price elasticity, the latter being central in the definition of firms’ market power. JEL Classification. D43, E24.