Valuing Biodiversity for Use in Pharmaceutical Research
计算了边际物种价值的上限，发现即使乐观估计也较低；进而估算边际栖息地价值，表明私人药物研究对栖息地保护的激励作用非常有限。
'Biodiversity prospecting' has been touted as a mechanism for both discovering new pharmaceutical products and saving endangered ecosystems. It is unclear what values may arise from such activities, however. Evidence from transactions is incomplete and existing theoretical models are flawed. The authors calculate an upper bound on the value of the 'marginal species.' Even under favorable assumptions this bound is modest. Slightly modified assumptions lead to drastically lower estimates. The authors extend their findings to the value of the marginal hectare of habitat and find that the incentives for habitat conservation generated by private pharmaceutical research are also, at best, very modest. Copyright 1996 by University of Chicago Press.