Centrifugal and Centripetal Forces in Radical New Product Development Under Time Pressure
分析组织在时间压力下开发激进新产品时，如何平衡增加创意与整合集体行动两种对立力量，并建模解释矛盾结构如何提升开发成功率。
Organizations must be ambidextrous to successfully develop new products—they must act creatively as well as collectively. However, how to do this is not clear. The author analyzes this problem and reviews the literature in terms of two opposing forces: the first increases the quantity and quality of ideas, information, and knowledge available for creative action while the second integrates these things into collective action. The author then models these forces to explain how the coexistence of contradictory structural elements and processes increases the probability of successful development.