An Analysis of Public- and Private-Sector Wages Allowing for Endogenous Choices of Both Government and Union Status
估计了一个工人选择私营非工会、私营工会、公共非工会和公共工会四个劳动力市场的模型，发现私营非工会部门存在正向选择偏差，公共工会部门存在负向选择偏差，并对比了不同部门的工会工资差异和公私工资差异。
A general selection model is estimated in which workers select across four labor markets-private/nonunion, privat e/union, public/nonunion, and public/union. Evidence is found of posi tive selection bias in the private/nonunion sector and of negative se lection bias in the public/union sector. Union wage differentials in the public and private sectors as well as public/private wage differe ntials are contrasted. The authors discuss when it is appropriate to use each type of differential. Copyright 1988 by University of Chicago Press.