Swimming Upstream: Trends in the Gender Wage Differential in the 1980s
利用1979和1988年密歇根面板收入动态研究数据，分析在工资结构不利于低薪工人的背景下，性别工资差距为何缩小，发现性别特定因素抵消了不利的价格变化。
Using Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics data for 1979 and 1988, the authors analyze how a falling gender wage gap occurred despite changes in wage structure unfavorable to low-wage workers. The decrease is traced to 'gender-specific' factors which more than counterbalanced changes in measured and unmeasured prices working against women. Supply shifts net of demand were unfavorable for women generally and hurt high-skilled more than middle- and low-skilled women. By analyzing wages, the authors find support for the notion of a gender twist in supply and demand having its largest negative effect on high-skilled women. Copyright 1997 by University of Chicago Press.