Why Differences Make a Difference: A Field Study of Diversity, Conflict and Performance in Workgroups
通过对92个工作群体的实地研究，考察了社会类别多样性、价值观多样性和信息多样性对群体绩效和成员士气的影响，发现信息多样性通过任务冲突提升绩效，而价值观多样性通过关系冲突降低满意度。
A multimethod field study of 92 workgroups explored the influence of three types of workgroup diversity (social category diversity, value diversity, and informational diversity) and two moderators (task type and task interdependence) on workgroup outcomes. Informational diversity positively influenced group performance, mediated by task conflict. Value and social category diversity, task complexity, and task interdependence all moderated this effect. Social category diversity positively influenced group member morale. Value diversity decreased satisfaction, intent to remain, and commitment to the group; relationship conflict mediated the effects of value diversity. We discuss the implications of these results for group leaders, managers, and organizations wishing to create and manage a diverse workforce successfully.