Matrix Management in Hospitals: Testing Theories of Matrix Structure and Development
研究315家医院，检验了矩阵管理的多个假设，发现矩阵复杂度与项目年龄、实施时的复杂度、任务多样性和不确定性无关，需修正现有理论。
A study of 315 hospitals with matrix management programs was used to test several hypotheses concerning matrix management advanced by earlier theorists. The study verifies that matrix management involves several distinctive elements that can be scaled to form increasingly complex types of lateral coordinative devices. The scalability of these elements is evident only cross-sectionally. The results show that matrix complexity is not an outcome of program age, nor does matrix complexity at the time of implementation appear to influence program survival. Matrix complexity, finally, is not determined by the organization's task diversity and uncertainty. The results suggest several modifications in prevailing theories of matrix organization.