Nonuniform Pricing with Unobservable Numbers of Purchases
研究企业能观察单次购买量但无法观察消费者购买次数时的最优定价策略，发现此时可能出现数量溢价，且某些消费者的消费量可能超过最优水平。
Properties are derived for the profit-maximizing price schedule in a market where the firm can observe the size of any given purchase, but cannot directly observe the number of purchases made by any given consumer. In such a market, A consumer may make multiple purchases to minimize the amount paid for a given quantity of the good. It is shown that when purchase numbers are unobservable the schedule may entail quantity premia and may be strikingly different from the schedule that obtains when the numbers of purchases are observable. In particular, some individuals may consume more under the profit-maximizing outcome than under the first-best outcome.