Economies of Scale, Domestic Divergences, and Potential Gains from Economic Integration in Ghana and the Ivory Coast
分析加纳和科特迪瓦通过工业一体化实现规模经济和减少国内扭曲的潜在收益，发现两国福利可分别提升33%和22%的总产出（按世界价格计算），其中贸易创造、成本降低和生产效应各贡献约五分之二、五分之一和五分之二。
Economies of scale and domestic divergences offer an important scope for gains from industrial integration among developing countries. Underutilized industrial capacity, together with distorting policies and imperfections in factor markets, provides a rationale for countries to swap opportunities for industrial expansion. Through integration, Ghana and the Ivory Coast stand to achieve welfare gains of 33 and 22 percent of gross output in world prices. About two-fifths of these gains have their source in Viner's trade-creation effects, one-fifth in Corden's cost-reduction effects, and two-fifths in the newly suggested production effects.