Import Share under International Oligopoly with Differentiated Products: Japanese Imports in U.S. Manufacturing
构建了一个国际寡头垄断和产品差异化的理论模型，将进口份额视为古诺-纳什均衡，并用24个美国进口竞争行业的数据验证了相对战略支出和市场结构对日本进口份额的影响。
This paper seeks to identify the determinants of the Japanese impor t share in the U.S. market. From the assumptions of international oligopoly and internationally differentiated products, a theoretical model is developed where import share is considered as a Cournot-Nash equilibrium. The relative position of the reaction functions is determined by the previous commitments of both domestic and foreign firms on advertising, R&D, and tangible investment, as well as by artificial and natural trade barriers. Using a sample of twenty-four three-digit, import-competing, U.S. industries matched to Japanese industries, the empirical analysis provides evidence supporting the model's predictions that the relative strategic expenditures and market structures of both partners explain the Japanese import share in U.S. markets. Copyright 1988 by MIT Press.