Structuring III‐structured policy issues: Further explorations in a methodology for messy problems
扩展了处理非结构化政策问题的方法论，利用论证理论和符号逻辑工具处理包含强不一致性的论证，解决对立问题表述之间的分歧。
Abstract This paper extends previous work in the development of a methodology for ill‐structured policy problems. It argues that recent advances in the structure and logic of argumentation allow one to develop a new basis for treating policy issues. In brief, policies may be viewed as the outcome of a process of reasoning (argumentation) whose purpose is to establish the basis (rationale) for the policy. This paper shows how the tools of symbolic logic may be applied to handle arguments containing strong inconsistencies. The tools presented allow treatment of one of the most fundamental issues concerned with ill‐structured problems, the divergence between opposing formulations or perceptions of a problem.