Do Mergers Improve the X-Efficiency and Scale Efficiency of U.S. Banks? Evidence from the 1980s
研究1980-90年间美国银行并购后的效率变化，发现收购方未能提升X效率，但规模效率略有改善；并购后绩效提升取决于资产质量改善，且同市场并购未显著提高效率。
A central issue currently debated among bank analysts and economists is whether mergers enhance the efficiency of surviving banks. This paper investigates the postmerger performance of acquiring banks that participated in a merger during the period 1980-90. The evidence suggests that acquirers failed to improve X-efficiency after the merger. Acquiring banks, however, experienced moderate gains in scale efficiency relative to a control sample. The second part of the paper uses regression analysis to identify factors influencing the performance of merging banks. The regression results suggest that improvements in postmerger performance depend on the ability of the bank to strengthen asset quality. The author finds no evidence to support the theory that in-market mergers lead to significant improvements in efficiency. Copyright 1997 by Ohio State University Press.